Twelve opposition parties have agreed to form a loose coalition to champion issues which they claim the Madani government has failed to resolve, including its reform pledges.

The coalition comprises Bersatu, PAS, Gerakan, Pejuang, Muda, Malaysian Indian People’s Party (MIPP), Putra, Berjasa, PSM, Malaysian Advancement Party (MAP), and the National Indian Muslim Alliance Party (Iman). It also includes Urimai, which is yet to be registered.