In its annual survey of press freedom around the world, Reporters Without Borders (RSF) once again ranked North Korea in last place of the 167 countries evaluated, closely preceded by Eritrea and Turkmenistan.

The World Press Freedom Index calls these countries "black holes for news", where privately-owned, independent media outlets simply do not exist. Journalists working for the state-owned media face severe restrictions.

"Journalists in these countries are little more than mouthpieces for government propaganda," the report says. "Anyone out of step is harshly dealt with: one word too many, any commentary that deviates from the official party line, a misspelled name -- and the author may be thrown in prison or incur the wrath of those in power."

"Harassment, psychological pressure, intimidation and 24-hour surveillance are routine."