Malaysia has scored a "D" grade on Transparency International's government defence integrity index (GDI) for 2020 which studies the efforts to curb graft in defence and security institutions in 77 countries.

According to TI's Malaysia chapter (TI-M), the study found that Malaysia had poor legislative oversight over budget, low competitive bidding for procurement, lacks an independent ombudsman and lack of data transparency.

In a statement, TI-M said Malaysia's defence sector is an opaque area of government activity where a published defence budget provides only...