I refer to the malaysiakini report Bus crash kills 20, two in critical condition .

I am sure the number of casualties would have been much lower had the bus not plunged into the ravine and broken practically into two halves.

No doubt this accident is purely the fault of the driver but had the guard rails been able to prevent the bus from plunging into the ravine, lives would have been saved. Has anyone done any study on guard rails capability and strength?

No doubt this was a big bus and the momentum would be extremely powerful but a detailed study of guard rails should be in order now instead of a cursory list of recommendations.

The second point I would like to raise is the construction of buses where in some cases the upper portion is generally welded onto lower portions taken from older buses.

With such a weak upper section, such buses on the road today are like bird cages waiting to the crumpled. There are no roll bars or supporting superstructure that can withstand more than a minimal impact.

What good is the recommendation that passengers wears seat belt when they will be immobile, waiting to be either sheared or crushed?